1. General information
Course:
REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD
Code:
67339
Type:
ELECTIVE
ECTS credits:
6
Degree:
408 - GRADO EN TURISMO
Academic year:
2023-24
Center:
401 - FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF CUENCA
Group(s):
30
Year:
4
Duration:
C2
Main language:
Spanish
Second language:
English
Use of additional languages:
French
English Friendly:
Y
Web site:
Bilingual:
N
Lecturer:
CARMEN VAZQUEZ VARELA
- Group(s):
30
Building/Office
Department
Phone number
Email
Office hours
Edificio Gil de Albornoz. Despacho 5.05
GEOGRAFÍA Y ORD. TERRITORIO
4317
carmen.vazquez@uclm.es
Monday from 12.00 to 14.00
Tuesday from 9.30 a.m. to 11.00 a.m.
Thursday from 9.30 a.m. to 1 p.m.
2. Pre-Requisites
None.
3. Justification in the curriculum, relation to other subjects and to the profession
This subject, which belongs to the range of optional subjects on the Degree in Tourism, allows students to analyse the organisation and dynamism of regional spaces, on a global and Spanish scale, with an integrated vision in which the different ecological, social, historical, economic and cultural components are considered in an interrelated manner, as an explanatory basis for understanding the organisation of territories, taking into account the interdependence between the different spatial scales, since local phenomena are affected by structural processes of great importance in the face of growing globalisation, albeit with different responses depending on the specific conditions of each region. In other words, the context that, at different scales, explains the emergence, maintenance and crisis of tourism flows and destinations on a global scale.
The contents covered in the subject Regional Geography are divided into three didactic units. The first, The World Space, presents the foundations of Regional Geography, the general aspects of the regional division of the world and the major regional socio-economic imbalances. In the second and third didactic unit, Large Regional Groups, a presentation is made of the large regional spaces of the world through an overview of the features and processes that characterise them and through the detailed analysis of relevant aspects in each regional group, separating the developed territories from the underdeveloped ones.
4. Degree competences achieved in this course
| Course competences | |
|---|---|
| Code | Description |
| CB03 | Be able to gather and process relevant information (usually within their subject area) to give opinions, including reflections on relevant social, scientific or ethical issues. |
| CB04 | Transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions for both specialist and non-specialist audiences. |
| CE02 | Understanding of the dynamic and evolving nature of tourism and the new leisure society. |
| CE07 | Discriminate tourism potentials and prospectively analyze their exploitation. |
| CE15 | Identify spaces, destinations, companies and entities in tourism. |
| CG03 | Knowledge and sensitivity to cultural diversity and environmental issues in the area of tourism. |
| CT02 | Oral and written communication skills. |
5. Objectives or Learning Outcomes
| Course learning outcomes | |
|---|---|
| Not established. | |
| Additional outcomes | |
| Description | |
| - To know how to analyse, argue and organise an exhibition, combining synthesis and explanatory development. - To know how to communicate, using personal resources and new technologies applied to teaching. - To be able to make critical comments and comparative analysis of texts and materials that show the understanding of fundamental concepts related to regional characteristics, the economic and environmental impacts of the territories under study. - Elaboration of reports and works that demonstrate the knowledge of the world, European and Spanish geographical reality. - Management of concepts, methods and techniques related to graphic and cartographic representation. - Argumentation and/or defence of opinions established from the reading and analysis of the documentation provided. - Elaboration and production of geographic information in statistical and graphical format. - To acquire a direct knowledge of the territory that allows to develop written reflections on the interrelations of the different observed geographic phenomena. |
|
6. Units / Contents
-
Unit 1: CONCEPTS, OBJECTIVES, METHODS, AND SCALES OF TERRITORIAL ANALYSIS
-
Unit 1.1: The concept of region: concepts, objectives and contents (political region, natural region, geographical region, functional region and systemic region; other recent meanings of region). Scales and hierarchies. Regional analysis methods and techniques. The assemblies and the criteria for delimitation: uniqueness and geographical characteristics. The Interest of the Regional Geography of the World in a globalized world.
-
Unit 1.2: The explanation of inequalities: the concepts and theories of development and underdevelopment. Regional analysis of the areas developed and underdeveloped: general criteria and presentation of the most relevant problems. Development indicators: the measure of the inequalities. Global imbalances: demographic contrasts and regional socio-economic disparities.
-
-
Unit 2: DEVELOPED REGIONS
-
Unit 2.1: Europe, a mosaic of regional diversity in the process of political-economic integration within the old continental boundaries
-
Unit 2.2: Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
-
Unit 2.3: Japan. The Japanese archipelago: a small, inhospitable and resource-poor area. Economic growth and its impact in the organization of the territory. High demographic concentration. The counterparts of the Japanese development model.
-
Unit 2.4: United States and Canada. Natural conditions as a basis for economic development. The colonization process: forms of land ownership and their spatial impact. The economic space of the world's leading economic power.
-
Unit 2.5: Australia and New Zealand. British colonization and the genesis of the new states. The decisive role of conditions natural: disadvantages and advantages. Economic activity and organization of the productive space. Characteristics of the population and model of settlements.
-
-
Unit 3: UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS
-
Unit 3.1: Latin America. The natural environment: a space of great physical contrasts. The colonizing model of the Iberian powers: peculiarities and consequences. A society characterized by social imbalances. Urban expansion and increasing marginalization.
-
Unit 3.2: China: one country, two systems, one world economic power in full transformation.
-
Unit 3.3: South Asia and the new industrial countries of Southeast Asia. Introduction: features of unity and diversity. The the most complex society in the most populous region on Earth.
-
Unit 3.4: Near and Middle East Asia and North Africa. A natural environment marked by aridity. The selective occupation of a hostile environment: the impact of modernization on a society with traditional features. The difficulties of rural areas: between tradition and the development. A recent and accelerated industrialization linked to oil.
-
Unit 3.5: Sub-Saharan Africa, natural, human and economic contrasts in the most underdeveloped space.
-
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS, REMARKS
SEMINARS
Gastronomic tourism: from local farm-to-table. Destinations and cases. Major gastronomic destinations on a global scale.
Tourism and indigenous peoples. Weaknesses and strengths, threats and opportunities. Case studies in the Americas.
ABOUT THE ENGLISH FRIENDLY CHARACTER OF THE SUBJECT:
In accordance with the English Friendly nature of the subject, and in order to facilitate its monitoring by non-Spanish students, bibliographical references will be provided in English to facilitate the preparation of the subjects. Likewise, an outline will be provided in English by means of a power point presentation of the content of each topic.
7. Activities, Units/Modules and Methodology
| Training Activity | Methodology | Related Competences (only degrees before RD 822/2021) | ECTS | Hours | As | Com | Description | |
| Class Attendance (theory) [ON-SITE] | Lectures | CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 | 1.16 | 29 | N | N | ||
| Workshops or seminars [ON-SITE] | Case Studies | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 CT02 | 0.24 | 6 | Y | N | During the semester there will be three seminars linked to different topics of the subject. Previously, students will be given a dossier of materials and readings that they will have to read and analyze for later discussion and debate in the classroom. | |
| Group tutoring sessions [ON-SITE] | Guided or supervised work | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 | 0.6 | 15 | N | N | Mainly linked to the follow-up of the group project of the subject on a region not explained nor analyzed during the master classes or the workshops/seminars planned. | |
| Class Attendance (practical) [ON-SITE] | Practical or hands-on activities | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 | 0.28 | 7 | Y | N | Reading, interpretation, commentary and analysis of texts, figures and maps relating to different regions of the planet. | |
| Writing of reports or projects [OFF-SITE] | Self-study | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 CT02 | 1.6 | 40 | Y | Y | Students, either individually or in groups, will produce a work on a region based on the tourist flows, products and destinations it brings together, using a work scheme provided at the beginning of the course. On the scheduled dates, the student/s will hand in a digital copy of the finished work and will make a summary presentation in class of the main results. | |
| Final test [ON-SITE] | Assessment tests | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 CT02 | 0.08 | 2 | Y | Y | ||
| Analysis of articles and reviews [OFF-SITE] | Guided or supervised work | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 CT02 | 0.6 | 15 | Y | Y | Students will be provided at the beginning of the course with a list of readings to choose from, from which two reviews of the selected titles will be drawn up. This content can be included in the written final examination for those students who do not follow the continuous assessment method. | |
| Study and Exam Preparation [OFF-SITE] | Self-study | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 | 1.4 | 35 | N | N | ||
| Progress test [ON-SITE] | Assessment tests | CB03 CB04 CE02 CE07 CE15 CG03 CT02 | 0.04 | 1 | Y | N | ||
| Total: | 6 | 150 | ||||||
| Total credits of in-class work: 2.4 | Total class time hours: 60 | |||||||
| Total credits of out of class work: 3.6 | Total hours of out of class work: 90 | |||||||
As: Assessable training activity Com: Training activity of compulsory overcoming (It will be essential to overcome both continuous and non-continuous assessment).
8. Evaluation criteria and Grading System
| Evaluation System | Continuous assessment | Non-continuous evaluation * | Description |
| Portfolio assessment | 20.00% | 0.00% | It will be valued the delivery of all the practices carried out in class, as well as the two reviews elaborated from the readings previously selected. |
| Assessment of active participation | 10.00% | 0.00% | Participation with success in class, i.e. participation in argued and reasoned discussions and debates, especially during the development of seminars and practices, which contribute to fostering the critical capacity of the materials exhibited and to demonstrating the level of knowledge acquired, will be valued. |
| Theoretical papers assessment | 20.00% | 40.00% | Preparation and presentation in class of a work on a region selected by the students on the basis of a work script provided by the teacher at the beginning of the course and adapted to the peculiarities of each region. |
| Final test | 30.00% | 60.00% | |
| Oral presentations assessment | 10.00% | 0.00% | Oral presentation of the main project of the course |
| Progress Tests | 10.00% | 0.00% | |
| Total: | 100.00% | 100.00% |
According to art. 4 of the UCLM Student Evaluation Regulations, it must be provided to students who cannot regularly attend face-to-face training activities the passing of the subject, having the right (art. 12.2) to be globally graded, in 2 annual calls per subject , an ordinary and an extraordinary one (evaluating 100% of the competences).
Evaluation criteria for the final exam:
-
Continuous assessment:In the ordinary call for examinations, knowledge about the contents of the syllabus previously NOT evaluated through works and projects will be evaluated.
Under no circumstances will the exam be considered as a memorial exercise but as a test of maturity and critical capacity on a subject, text and/or graphic or cartographic material. The foreign students participating in the English Friendly program, will be able to do in Spanish or English, at their choice, the oral and written presentation of the above mentioned practices and tests.
A score of less than 4 in the final written test will mean that the student must be recovered in the extraordinary call.
The COMPILATIO software acquired by the UCLM allows the detection of licit intertextuality, plagiarism (copied without citing source) taken from the Internet and copying among students. As a general rule, from 40% of similarity will result in the failure of the course, and from 65% of similarity will result in the proposal of a major sanction. The penalty, however, is the responsibility of the teacher, who will weigh the severity according to other didactic factors. -
Non-continuous evaluation:The evaluations above are for continuous evaluation. For the alternative to it, the weight in the final grade will be the same for the theoretical work (40%) and 60% for the final test.
Specifications for the resit/retake exam:
Consideration of the full syllabus, except in exceptional cases where the work done may be taken into consideration.
Under no circumstances will the examination be considered as a memorial exercise but as a test of maturity and critical capacity on a subject, text and/or graphic or cartographic material.
Foreign students participating in the English Friendly program may take the exam in Spanish or English, at their choice.
Under no circumstances will the examination be considered as a memorial exercise but as a test of maturity and critical capacity on a subject, text and/or graphic or cartographic material.
Foreign students participating in the English Friendly program may take the exam in Spanish or English, at their choice.
Specifications for the second resit / retake exam:
Students will be required to take an exam in the subject. Foreign students participating in the English Friendly program may take the exam in Spanish or English, at their choice.
9. Assignments, course calendar and important dates
| Not related to the syllabus/contents | |
|---|---|
| Hours | hours |
| Final test [PRESENCIAL][Assessment tests] | 2 |
| Unit 1 (de 3): CONCEPTS, OBJECTIVES, METHODS, AND SCALES OF TERRITORIAL ANALYSIS | |
|---|---|
| Activities | Hours |
| Class Attendance (theory) [PRESENCIAL][Lectures] | 7 |
| Workshops or seminars [PRESENCIAL][Case Studies] | 2 |
| Group tutoring sessions [PRESENCIAL][Guided or supervised work] | 3 |
| Class Attendance (practical) [PRESENCIAL][Practical or hands-on activities] | 1 |
| Writing of reports or projects [AUTÓNOMA][Self-study] | 6 |
| Analysis of articles and reviews [AUTÓNOMA][Guided or supervised work] | 3 |
| Progress test [PRESENCIAL][Assessment tests] | 1 |
| Teaching period: Three weeks | |
| Group 30: | |
| Initial date: 29-01-2024 | End date: 16-02-2024 |
| Unit 2 (de 3): DEVELOPED REGIONS | |
|---|---|
| Activities | Hours |
| Class Attendance (theory) [PRESENCIAL][Lectures] | 11 |
| Workshops or seminars [PRESENCIAL][Case Studies] | 2 |
| Group tutoring sessions [PRESENCIAL][Guided or supervised work] | 6 |
| Class Attendance (practical) [PRESENCIAL][Practical or hands-on activities] | 3 |
| Writing of reports or projects [AUTÓNOMA][Self-study] | 17 |
| Analysis of articles and reviews [AUTÓNOMA][Guided or supervised work] | 6 |
| Study and Exam Preparation [AUTÓNOMA][Self-study] | 15 |
| Teaching period: Six weeks | |
| Group 30: | |
| Initial date: 19-02-2024 | End date: 05-04-2024 |
| Comment: Seminar on Gastronomic tourism: from local farm-to-table. Destinations and cases. Major gastronomic destinations on a global scale. | |
| Unit 3 (de 3): UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS | |
|---|---|
| Activities | Hours |
| Class Attendance (theory) [PRESENCIAL][Lectures] | 11 |
| Workshops or seminars [PRESENCIAL][Case Studies] | 2 |
| Group tutoring sessions [PRESENCIAL][Guided or supervised work] | 6 |
| Class Attendance (practical) [PRESENCIAL][Practical or hands-on activities] | 3 |
| Writing of reports or projects [AUTÓNOMA][Self-study] | 17 |
| Analysis of articles and reviews [AUTÓNOMA][Guided or supervised work] | 6 |
| Study and Exam Preparation [AUTÓNOMA][Self-study] | 20 |
| Teaching period: Six weeks | |
| Group 30: | |
| Initial date: 08-04-2024 | End date: 17-05-2024 |
| Comment: Seminar on Tourism and indigenous peoples. Weaknesses and strengths, threats and opportunities. Case studies in the Americas. | |
| Global activity | |
|---|---|
| Activities | hours |
| General comments about the planning: | Delivery of individual/group project on a region. If the project is finished before the deadline (week 15), it can be submitted for correction and scoring. |
10. Bibliography and Sources
| Author(s) | Title | Book/Journal | Citv | Publishing house | ISBN | Year | Description | Link | Catálogo biblioteca |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALVAREZ COBELAS, J.R. | Geopolítica de África subsahariana | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413571324 | 2021 | ||||
| ARROYO ILERA, F. | Exclusión y subdesarrollo en el mundo contemporáneo: la otra cara de la globalización | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788491711964 | 2018 | ||||
| AZCARATE LUXÁN, Blanca, AZCÁRATE LUXÁN, Mª Victoria, y SÁNCHEZ SÁNCHEZ, José | Grandes Regiones de la Tierra. Naturaleza y Sociedades | Madrid | UNED. Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia | 978-84-362-7149-2 | 2016 | Bibliografía básica | |||
| BANCO MUNDIAL | Índices e indicadores de desarrollo humano. Actualización estadística de 2018 | Washington, DC | World Bank | 2018 | http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update_es.pdf | ||||
| BARRADO TIMÓN, D.A. y CALABUIG, J. | Geografía mundial del turismo | Madrid | Síntesis | 978-8477388562 | 2001 | Bibliografía básica | |||
| BERENTSEN, W.H. | Europa contemporánea. Un análisis geográfico | Barcelona | Omega | 84-282-1162-0 | 2000 |
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| BETHEMONT, Jacques | Géographie de la Méditerranée. Du mythe unitaire à l'espace fragmenté | Paris | Armand Colin | 978-2200354169 | 2008 | ||||
| BREGOLAT, E. | La segunda revolución china | Barcelona | Destino | 978-84-233-3919-8 | 2007 |
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| BROSSAT, Ian | Airbnb, la ciudad uberizada | Pamplona. España | Katakrak Luburuak | 9788416946259 | 2019 | ||||
| CARIOU, A. | L¿Asie Centrale. Territoires, sociétés et environnement | París. Francia | Armand Colin Editeur | 9782200601140 | 2016 | ||||
| CLAWSON, D.L. et al. | World Regional Geography. A Development Approach | New Jersey | Prentice Hall | 978-0131015326 | 2001 | ||||
| CÓZAR ESCALANTE, José Manuel de | El Antropoceno, tecnología, naturaleza y condición humana | Madrid. España | Los Libros de la Catarata | 9788490976296 | 2019 | ||||
| DALMAU, Eduard | El porqué de los mapas | Barcelona | Debate | 978-8418006173 | 2021 | ||||
| DODDS, Klaus | Geopolítica. Una breve introducción | Barcelona | Antoni Bosch Editor | 978-8412106350 | 2021 | ||||
| DREVET, Jean-François | Histoire de la politique régionale de l¿Union européenne | París | Belin Editions | 978-2-7011-4678-2 | 2008 |
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| FERGUSON, Y. H. y MANSBACH, R.W. | Globalization: the return of borders to a borderless world? | Routledge | 978-0415521970 | 2012 | |||||
| FOOT, R. y WALTER, A. | China, the United States, and Global Order | Cambridge University Press | 978-0521725194 | 2011 | |||||
| GARCÍA CAMARERO, Julio | Ciudadanos y 'ruralanos' | Madrid. España | Los Libros de la Catarata | 9788490976555 | 2019 | ||||
| GIL PÉREZ, J. | Geopolítica de Asia y el Indo-Pacífico | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788491714569 | 2020 | ||||
| GOEURY, D. y SIERRA, P. | Introduction à l'analyse des territoires. concepts, outils, applications | París | Armand Colin Editeur | 9782200293024 | 2016 |
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| GÓMEZ MENDOZA, J. | Un mundo de regiones. Geografía Regional de geometría variable | Madrid | Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles | 2001 | Bibliografía básica | http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1122494 | |||
| HERRERO OLARTE, Susana | Regionalismo abierto y nueva integración, ¿qué modelo genera más integración comercial en Sudamérica? | Cuadernos geográficos de la Universidad de Granada, vol. 56 (2), pp. 94-110. | Granada | Universidad de Granada | ISSN 0210-5462 | 2017 | http://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/cuadgeo/article/view/5254 | ||
| KAPLAN, Robert D. | La venganza de la geografía. Cómo los mapas condicionan el destino de las naciones | Barcelona | R.B.A. Libros S.A. | 978-84-9056-003-7 | 2013 | ||||
| LACOSTE, Y. | Atlas géopolitique. Pour comprendre le monde d'aujourd'hui | París | Librairie Larousse | 9782036015289 | 2022 | ||||
| LOYER, B. | Introducción a la Geopolítica | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413572055 | 2022 | ||||
| LÓPEZ-DAVADILLO LARREA, Julio y MARTÍN RODA, Eva Mª | Geopolitica. claves para entender un mundo cambiante | Madrid | Editorial Universitaria Ramón Areces | 978-84-99610887 | 2012 | ||||
| MARCU, Silvia | Geopolítica de Rusia y Europa Oriental | Madrid | Síntesis | 978-8413570655 | 2021 | ||||
| MARSHALL, T. | Prisoners of geography. Ten maps that tell you everything you need to know about global politics | Londres | Elliott & Thompson Limited | 9781783961412 | 2015 | ||||
| MARTÍN RUIZ, J. F. | El nuevo orden geoeconómico mundial: la pobreza de África y sus factores | Madrid | Universidad Complutense | 2007 | http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/AGUC/article/view/AGUC0707220077A/30887 | ||||
| MARTÍN-RODA, E.M. | Geopolítica de los recursos energéticos | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413571348 | 2021 | ||||
| MARTÍN-RODA, E.M. y NIETO CODINA, A. | Territorio y Turismo Mundial: Análisis geográfico | Madrid | Editorial Universitaria Ramón Areces y UNED | 978-8499611600 | 2014 | Bibliografía básica | |||
| MÉNDEZ GUTIERREZ, R. y MOLINERO, F. | Espacios y sociedades. Introducción a la geografía regional del mundo | Barcelona | Ariel | 978-84-344-3457-8 | 2002 | Bibliografía básica | |||
| MÉNDEZ, Ricardo | Sitiados por la pandemia. Del colapso a la reconstrucción: apuntes geográficos | Madrid | Revives | 2020 | http://revives.es/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SITIADOS-POR-LA-PANDEMIA.pdf | ||||
| MÍAN, Marzio G. | Ártico, la batalla por el Gran Norte | Barcelona. España | Editorial Ariel | 9788434429512 | 2019 | ||||
| NOGUÉ I FONT, J. y VICENTE, J. | Geopolítica, identidad y globalización | Barcelona | Ariel | 84-344-3471-7 | 2001 | Bibliografía básica | |||
| PALAZUELOS, E. y VARA, Mª J. | Grandes áreas de la economía mundial | Barcelona | Ariel | 978-8434421875 | 2002 | ||||
| PLAZA GUTIÉRREZ, J.I., GARCÍA ÁLVAREZ, J. & TORRES ALFONSEA, F.J. | Geopolítica de la Unión Europea | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413571379 | 2021 | ||||
| ROWNTREE, L.; LEWIS, M.; PRICE, M. y WYCKOFF, W. | Diversity amid Globalization. World Regions, Environment, Development | New Jersey | Prentice Hall | 978-0321910066 | 2000 | ||||
| SASSEN, Saskia | Una sociología de la globalización | Buenos Aires | Katz | 978-84-935432-6-6 | 2007 | ||||
| SOKOL, M. & PATACCINI, L. | Winners and Losers in Coronavirus Times: Financialisation, Financial Chains and Emerging Economic Geographies of the COVID-19 Pandemic | Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie | John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Dutch Geographical Society | 2020 | Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 401¿415 | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tesg.12433 | |||
| SÁNCHEZ MATEOS, Elvira | El nuevo marco geopolítico de Oriente Medio | Política y sociedad | Madrid | Universidad Complutense | 2018 | Política y sociedad, 55(3), 673-692. | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Elvira-Sanchez-2/publication/329791443_El_nuevo_marco_geopolitico_de_Oriente_Medio/links/5ca64ade92851c64bd50a746/El-nuevo-marco-geopolitico-de-Oriente-Medio.pdf | ||
| SÁNCHEZ, J. J. | El crecimiento de la población mundial: implicaciones socioeconómicas, ecológicas y éticas | Valencia | Tirant Lo Blanc | 978-84-9876-123-8 | 2008 |
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| TAPIA RAMÍREZ, Isidoro | Un planeta diferente, un mundo nuevo | Barcelona | Ediciones Deusto | 978-8423432516 | 2021 | ||||
| TOVAR RUIZ, J. | La política internacional de las grandes potencias | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413571386 | 2021 | ||||
| UNITED NATIONS | World Population Prospects 2019 | New York. USA | Department of Economic and Social Affairs | 2019 | https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2019_DataBooklet.pdf | ||||
| UNITED NATIONS Development Programme | Human Development Report 2020. The next frontier. Human development and the Anthropocene | New York | United Nations | 2020 | https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2020 | https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2020 | |||
| URDIALES VIEDMA, M. E. | Transición hacia un nuevo orden geopolítico mundial en el umbral del siglo XXI | Barcelona | Universidad de Barcelona | 2007 | http://www.ub.es/geocrit/-xcol/262.htm#_ednref5 | ||||
| URDIALES VIEDMA, M.E. | Geopolítica del Mediterráneo | Madrid | Síntesis | 9788413571485 | 2021 | ||||
| WALLERSTEIN, I. M. | Geopolítica y geocultura: ensayos sobre el moderno sistema mundial | Kairós | 978-84-7245-637-2 | 2007 |
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| WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION & ALIANZA MUNDIAL DEL TURISMO INDÍGENA | Compilación de buenas prácticas del turismo indígena ¿ Enfoque regional sobre las Américas | Madrid | OMT | 978-92-844-2399-6 | 2023 | https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284424009 | |||
| WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION & BASQUE CULINARY CENTER | Guidelines for the Development of Gastronomy Tourism | Madrid | UNWTO | 978-92-844-2098-8 | 2019 | https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420957 | |||
| XIAOBO, W. | La China emergente. La transformación del gigante asiático desde dentro | Madrid | Kailas editorial | 978-84-89624-65-8 | 2009 |
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